Radhika+&+Martin

To be able to compare the reactivity of each of the type of metals, and from there to be able to rank the five metals in order from most reactive down to one with the least reaction by comparing the reaction of each of those metals with hydrochloric acid.
 * __ Aim:  __**

What is/are the Variable? || How will it be changed? How will it be measured? How will it be controlled? || Independent Variable || Type of metal || Powders of each of the different types of metals will be mixed put into different test tubes and one by one mixed with hydrochloric acid. || Dependent Variable || The reactivity with hydrochloric acid || A video camera will be recording the reaction of the mixture. A camera will be used to capture images of the reaction. Observations made will be recorded in the Observations Table. || Controlled variables / Constants || Amount of metal || 0.5 g of each type of metal (powder) into a test tube which will be poured with hydrochloric acid || Amount of hydrochloric acid || 5 ml of hydrochloric acid will be poured into each of the test tubes to be mixed with the metal powder inside it. || Time observing chemical reaction || A timer/watch will be used to record 1 minute. ||
 * __ Variables Table:  __**

If magnesium powder, iron powder, copper powder, zinc powder, and aluminum powder gets in contact with hydrochloric acid, then magnesium will be the most active, iron will be second most reactive, copper will be third most, zinc will be fourth, and aluminum will be least reactive solid metal powder, because the elements to the left of the periodic table are more reactive than the elements to the right (and even though the elements to the bottom are more reactive than those to the top-- making aluminum more reactive than iron, copper, and zinc-- but iron, copper, and zinc are more to the left than aluminum is to the top).
 * __ Hypothesis:  __**

 · 5 test tubes · Stopwatch · Pipette · Graduated cylinder (measures at least 5ml) · 5 Petri dishes · Scale (at least 1 decimal place) · Video Camera · 25ml hydrochloride acid · 0.5g of Copper · 0.5g of Magnesium · 0.5g of Zinc · 0.5g of Aluminum · 0.5g of Iron
 * __ Equipment & Materials:  __**

1.  Gather equipment and materials. 2.  Mark each test tube somehow that will distinguish magnesium, zinc, aluminium, copper, and iron. 3.  Put 0.5 g of the first type of metal powder into its corresponding test tube. 4.  Pour 5 ml of hydrochloric acid into that test tube. 5.  Start the timer/mark the time on a watch. 6.  Start the video camera. 7.  Take photos of the reaction of that metal powder. 8.  Stop the video camera after 1 minute. 9.  Pour the mixture from the test tube into the sink as soon as the video camera stops recording. 10.  Repeat steps 3 to 9 with the remaining metal powders. 10. Repeat steps 3 to 9 with the remaining metal powders.
 * __ Method:  __**


 * __ Diagram of Apparatus:

Observations: __** Observation Table of the Reactivity of 5 Types of Metal Powders (Magnesium, Iron, Copper, Zinc, and Aluminum) With Hydrochloric Acid - Bubbling <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> || <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Solids join and form big chunks <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Still bubbling but not so much (7:30 mins) <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Large chunk of solid rose <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Chunks of solid scatter the bottom of the test tube. || <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Liquid increased <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Bubbling <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Solid powders rise <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">When the powder touches another powder at the surface of the water, they both sink. <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Bubbles are clinging to the side of the test tube. || - Liquid is partly transparent, [artly opaque - <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Solid particles have joined and seem like a large solidified piece <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The solid powders rise <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The solid powders join the solidified piece and build onto it (8:30 mins) <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Pungent smell <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Chunks of solid powder are rising <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Chunks of solid powder pieces are floating at the surface of water <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Pieces of powder solid sank (9:37 mins) || - Transparent liquid || The video of the experiment can be found here.
 * <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; text-align: center;">Types of metal || <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; text-align: center;">The reactivity with hydrochloric acid ||
 * <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; text-align: center;">Iron (Fe) || <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Sizzling <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">
 * <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; text-align: center;">Zinc (Zn) || <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">Rapid bubbling
 * <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; text-align: center;">Magnesium (Mg) || <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Steam coming off
 * <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; text-align: center;">Aluminum (Al) || <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- Liquid is silver
 * <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; text-align: center;">Copper (Cu) || <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">No reaction


 * __Conclusion:__ **

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Answer the aim with a sentence summarising your data. Be sure not to repeat or restate the data. <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">According to the results, the reactivity of the 5 metals can be ranked from most reactive down to one with the least reaction with hydrochloric acid as follows: <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; msofareastfontfamily: Arial; msolist: Ignore;">1. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Magnesium <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; msofareastfontfamily: Arial; msolist: Ignore;">2. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Aluminum <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; msofareastfontfamily: Arial; msolist: Ignore;">3. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Zinc <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; msofareastfontfamily: Arial; msolist: Ignore;">4. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Iron <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; msofareastfontfamily: Arial; msolist: Ignore;">5. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Copper <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; msofareastfontfamily: Arial; msolist: Ignore;">1. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Do the results support the hypothesis? <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> In general, the results did not support the hypothesis.
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">Ranking of most reactive to least reactive || <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">Hypothesis || <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">Results || <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">Do the results support the hypothesis? ||
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">1 || <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">Magnesium || <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">Magnesium || <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">Yes ||
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">2 || <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">Iron || <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">Aluminum || <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">No ||
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">3 || <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">Copper || <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">Zinc || <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">No ||
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">4 || <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">Zinc || <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">Iron || <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">No ||
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">5 || <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">Aluminum || <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">Copper || <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">No ||

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; msofareastfontfamily: Arial; msolist: Ignore;">2. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Where possible, compare the results to published data and/or theories. <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Compared to the reactivity series, the results are completely correct. Compared to “The Reactivity Series of Metals” article from a website, the qualitative observations were overall correct.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Release of gas (steam //and// bubbles) <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Constant rising and falling of solid powders <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Something new being created (the amount of liquid in the test tube was more). || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">“ Very reactive with dilute hydrochloric acid” (The Reactivity Series). || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Similar || <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">The gas given off (bubbles) <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Something new being created (pungent smell) <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">The forming of a larger solid. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">“ <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Slow reaction with dilute hydrochloric acid” (The Reactivity Series). || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Dissimilar – the reaction was not slow, but rather very fast and very effective. || <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Gas given off (bubbles) <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Solid powders forming larger chunks. <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Rising and falling of chunks. || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">“Quite reactive with dilute hydrochloric acid” (The Reactivity Series). || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Similar || <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Release of gas (bubbles) || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">“ Slow reaction with dilute hydrochloric acid” (The Reactivity Series). || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Similar || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; msofareastfontfamily: Arial; msolist: Ignore;">4. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Explain the conclusion scientifically.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Table of Comparison between Summary of Qualitative Observations from Lab and Data of an Article about 5 Metal Types (Magnesium, Aluminum, Zinc, Iron, and Copper) **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Metal Type || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Summary of Qualitative Observations from lab || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Data of an Article || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Comparison ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Magnesium || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Lots of noticeable evidence of chemical reaction:
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Aluminum || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Very noticeable evidence of a chemical reaction:
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Zinc || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Lots of evidence, though not strong, of chemical reaction:
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Iron || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Single evidence of chemical reaction:
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Copper || <span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma; msofareastfontfamily: Tahoma; msolist: Ignore;">- <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">No reaction || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">“ No reaction with dilute hydrochloric acid” (The Reactivity Series).  || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Similar ||

A chemical reaction occurs when an atom or molecules need to become more stable. The reaction between the metals and hydrochloric acid was created from the ionic bonding of the two elements. This is because the hydrochloric is a non-metal, and “ionic bonds always form between a metal (which forms a positive ion) and a non-metal (which usually forms a negative ion)” (Law). This means that the “giving and taking” of the valence electrons caused the chemical reactions of the metals and the hydrochloric acid. The results of each element occurred, because the number of energy levels each element has. The more energy levels an element has, the easier it is for the element atoms or molecules to gain or lose valence electrons, because the “mutual forces of attraction between the valence electrons and the nucleus is weaker” (Law) when the valence electrons are farther from the nucleus. The easier it is for an element to gain or lose electrons, the more reactive the element is.

On the periodic table, the element so the left are usually more reactive than those to the right, and the elements at the bottom are more reactive than the ones to the top. This is because the elements to the right of the periodic table are more stable than those to the left. But it is not always true that elements to the right are more reactive, because some groups have the same number of ions. For example, if we compare the alkali group with the halogens group, we see that they lose/gain the same number of electrons, and therefore neither group’s elements are more stable than the other. This occurs when an element belonging to a group with the number higher than four is compared with a group with a number lower than four. Elements to the bottom are more reactive than elements at the top, because each row represents the number of energy levels an element has. So the lower the element is on the periodic table, the more energy levels it has, and therefore the more reactive the element is (as explained above).

__Evaluation:__ <span style="font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;"> The data that we have discovered after doing the experiment isn’t what we expected, the data is that the copper is the least reactive to hydrochloric acid, we were expecting the copper (Cu) to be the third most reactive (are hypothesis is wrong).

Are method wasn’t really valid because we just did; the element closer to the left are the elements that are more reactive to hydrochloric acid. We didn’t pay attention on; if the element is on a lower row, then the element will be more reactive to hydrochloric acid || We should of done a lot more research on each element. We should of paid attention on; if the element is on a lower row, then the element will be more reactive to hydrochloric acid ||
 * Weaknesses || Improvements (opposite) ||
 * W e didn’t do enough research on each element

This is a fair test because: _We were two _We had a lot of help with the teacher _We had 2 classes to do the lab _We get the same grade as are partner _We had a lot of things to help us (are notes, the periodic table) _ ...

__<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Works Cited __ <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Law, Andrea. 1 Dec. 2009. Lecture.

"The Reactivity Series of Metals ." //TutorVista.com//. N.p., 2008. Web. 17 Dec. 2009. <http://www.tutorvista.com/content/chemistry/chemistry-ii/metals/ metals-reactivity.php>.

"Reactivity (chemistry)." //Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia//. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., Dec. 2009. Web. 17 Dec. 2009. <http://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/Reactivity_(chemistry)>.

"VID00013.AVI ." //Motionbox//. N.p., 2009. Web. 17 Dec. 2009. <http://www.motionbox.com/video/show/0097d1b1191be2c38f>.

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